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#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#if __cplusplus > 199711L
#include <functional>
#endif
#include <python2.7/Python.h>
namespace matplotlibcpp {
namespace detail {
struct _interpreter {
PyObject *s_python_function_show;
PyObject *s_python_function_save;
PyObject *s_python_function_figure;
PyObject *s_python_function_plot;
PyObject *s_python_function_hist;
PyObject *s_python_function_subplot;
PyObject *s_python_function_legend;
PyObject *s_python_function_xlim;
PyObject *s_python_function_ylim;
PyObject *s_python_function_title;
PyObject *s_python_function_axis;
PyObject *s_python_function_xlabel;
PyObject *s_python_function_ylabel;
PyObject *s_python_function_grid;
PyObject *s_python_function_clf;
PyObject *s_python_function_errorbar;
PyObject *s_python_empty_tuple;
PyObject *s_python_function_annotate;
/* For now, _interpreter is implemented as a singleton since its currently not possible to have
multiple independent embedded python interpreters without patching the python source code
or starting a separate process for each.
http://bytes.com/topic/python/answers/793370-multiple-independent-python-interpreters-c-c-program
*/
static _interpreter& get() {
static _interpreter ctx;
return ctx;
}
private:
_interpreter() {
char name[] = "plotting"; // silence compiler warning about const strings
Py_SetProgramName(name); // optional but recommended
Py_Initialize();
PyObject* pyplotname = PyString_FromString("matplotlib.pyplot");
PyObject* pylabname = PyString_FromString("pylab");
if(!pyplotname || !pylabname) { throw std::runtime_error("couldnt create string"); }
PyObject* pymod = PyImport_Import(pyplotname);
Py_DECREF(pyplotname);
if(!pymod) { throw std::runtime_error("Error loading module matplotlib.pyplot!"); }
PyObject* pylabmod = PyImport_Import(pylabname);
Py_DECREF(pylabname);
if(!pymod) { throw std::runtime_error("Error loading module pylab!"); }
s_python_function_show = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "show");
s_python_function_figure = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "figure");
s_python_function_plot = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "plot");
s_python_function_hist = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod,"hist");
s_python_function_subplot = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "subplot");
s_python_function_legend = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "legend");
s_python_function_ylim = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "ylim");
s_python_function_title = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "title");
s_python_function_axis = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "axis");
s_python_function_xlabel = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "xlabel");
s_python_function_ylabel = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "ylabel");
s_python_function_grid = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "grid");
s_python_function_xlim = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "xlim");
s_python_function_save = PyObject_GetAttrString(pylabmod, "savefig");
s_python_function_annotate = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod,"annotate");
s_python_function_clf = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "clf");
s_python_function_errorbar = PyObject_GetAttrString(pymod, "errorbar");
if( !s_python_function_show
|| !s_python_function_figure
|| !s_python_function_plot
|| !s_python_function_subplot
|| !s_python_function_legend
|| !s_python_function_ylim
|| !s_python_function_title
|| !s_python_function_axis
|| !s_python_function_xlabel
|| !s_python_function_ylabel
|| !s_python_function_grid
|| !s_python_function_xlim
|| !s_python_function_save
|| !s_python_function_clf
|| !s_python_function_annotate
|| !s_python_function_errorbar
) { throw std::runtime_error("Couldn't find required function!"); }
if ( !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_show)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_figure)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_plot)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_subplot)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_legend)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_annotate)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_ylim)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_title)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_axis)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_xlabel)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_ylabel)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_grid)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_xlim)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_save)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_clf)
|| !PyFunction_Check(s_python_function_errorbar)
) { throw std::runtime_error("Python object is unexpectedly not a PyFunction."); }
s_python_empty_tuple = PyTuple_New(0);
}
~_interpreter() {
Py_Finalize();
}
};
}
bool annotate(std::string annotation, double x, double y)
{
PyObject * xy = PyTuple_New(2);
PyObject * str = PyString_FromString(annotation.c_str());
PyTuple_SetItem(xy,0,PyFloat_FromDouble(x));
PyTuple_SetItem(xy,1,PyFloat_FromDouble(y));
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "xy", xy);
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, str);
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_annotate, args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template<typename Numeric>
bool plot(const std::vector<Numeric> &x, const std::vector<Numeric> &y, const std::map<std::string, std::string>& keywords)
{
assert(x.size() == y.size());
// using python lists
PyObject* xlist = PyList_New(x.size());
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
for(size_t i = 0; i < x.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(xlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(x.at(i)));
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
// construct positional args
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(2);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, xlist);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 1, ylist);
// construct keyword args
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
for(std::map<std::string, std::string>::const_iterator it = keywords.begin(); it != keywords.end(); ++it)
{
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, it->first.c_str(), PyString_FromString(it->second.c_str()));
}
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_plot, args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template< typename Numeric>
bool hist(const std::vector<Numeric>& y, long bins=10,std::string color="b", double alpha=1.0)
{
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "bins", PyLong_FromLong(bins));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "color", PyString_FromString(color.c_str()));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "alpha", PyFloat_FromDouble(alpha));
for(size_t i = 0; i < y.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, ylist);
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_hist, plot_args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template< typename Numeric>
bool named_hist(std::string label,const std::vector<Numeric>& y, long bins=10, std::string color="b", double alpha=1.0)
{
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "label", PyString_FromString(label.c_str()));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "bins", PyLong_FromLong(bins));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "color", PyString_FromString(color.c_str()));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "alpha", PyFloat_FromDouble(alpha));
for(size_t i = 0; i < y.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, ylist);
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_hist, plot_args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template<typename NumericX, typename NumericY>
bool plot(const std::vector<NumericX>& x, const std::vector<NumericY>& y, const std::string& s = "")
{
assert(x.size() == y.size());
PyObject* xlist = PyList_New(x.size());
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject* pystring = PyString_FromString(s.c_str());
for(size_t i = 0; i < x.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(xlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(x.at(i)));
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(3);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, xlist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 1, ylist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 2, pystring);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_plot, plot_args);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template<typename NumericX, typename NumericY>
bool errorbar(const std::vector<NumericX> &x, const std::vector<NumericY> &y, const std::vector<NumericX> &yerr, const std::string &s = "")
{
assert(x.size() == y.size());
PyObject *kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyObject *xlist = PyList_New(x.size());
PyObject *ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject *yerrlist = PyList_New(yerr.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < yerr.size(); ++i)
PyList_SetItem(yerrlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(yerr.at(i)));
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "yerr", yerrlist);
PyObject *pystring = PyString_FromString(s.c_str());
for (size_t i = 0; i < x.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(xlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(x.at(i)));
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject *plot_args = PyTuple_New(2);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, xlist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 1, ylist);
PyObject *res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_errorbar, plot_args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
if (res)
Py_DECREF(res);
else
throw std::runtime_error("Call to errorbar() failed.");
return res;
}
template<typename Numeric>
bool named_plot(const std::string& name, const std::vector<Numeric>& y, const std::string& format = "")
{
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "label", PyString_FromString(name.c_str()));
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject* pystring = PyString_FromString(format.c_str());
for(size_t i = 0; i < y.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(2);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, ylist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 1, pystring);
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_plot, plot_args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template<typename Numeric>
bool named_plot(const std::string& name, const std::vector<Numeric>& x, const std::vector<Numeric>& y, const std::string& format = "")
{
PyObject* kwargs = PyDict_New();
PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "label", PyString_FromString(name.c_str()));
PyObject* xlist = PyList_New(x.size());
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(y.size());
PyObject* pystring = PyString_FromString(format.c_str());
for(size_t i = 0; i < x.size(); ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(xlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(x.at(i)));
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(y.at(i)));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(3);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, xlist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 1, ylist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 2, pystring);
PyObject* res = PyObject_Call(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_plot, plot_args, kwargs);
Py_DECREF(kwargs);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
template<typename Numeric>
bool plot(const std::vector<Numeric>& y, const std::string& format = "")
{
std::vector<Numeric> x(y.size());
for(size_t i=0; i<x.size(); ++i) x.at(i) = i;
return plot(x,y,format);
}
inline void figure()
{
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_figure, detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_empty_tuple);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to figure() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
}
inline void legend()
{
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_legend, detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_empty_tuple);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to legend() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
}
template<typename Numeric>
void ylim(Numeric left, Numeric right)
{
PyObject* list = PyList_New(2);
PyList_SetItem(list, 0, PyFloat_FromDouble(left));
PyList_SetItem(list, 1, PyFloat_FromDouble(right));
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, list);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_ylim, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to ylim() failed.");
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(res);
}
template<typename Numeric>
void xlim(Numeric left, Numeric right)
{
PyObject* list = PyList_New(2);
PyList_SetItem(list, 0, PyFloat_FromDouble(left));
PyList_SetItem(list, 1, PyFloat_FromDouble(right));
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, list);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_xlim, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to xlim() failed.");
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(res);
}
inline double* xlim()
{
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(0);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_xlim, args);
PyObject* left = PyTuple_GetItem(res,0);
PyObject* right = PyTuple_GetItem(res,1);
double* arr = new double[2];
arr[0] = PyFloat_AsDouble(left);
arr[1] = PyFloat_AsDouble(right);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to xlim() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
return arr;
}
inline double* ylim()
{
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(0);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_ylim, args);
PyObject* left = PyTuple_GetItem(res,0);
PyObject* right = PyTuple_GetItem(res,1);
double* arr = new double[2];
arr[0] = PyFloat_AsDouble(left);
arr[1] = PyFloat_AsDouble(right);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to ylim() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
return arr;
}
inline void subplot(long nrows, long ncols, long plot_number)
{
// construct positional args
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(3);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, PyFloat_FromDouble(nrows));
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 1, PyFloat_FromDouble(ncols));
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 2, PyFloat_FromDouble(plot_number));
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_subplot, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to subplot() failed.");
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(res);
}
inline void title(const std::string &titlestr)
{
PyObject* pytitlestr = PyString_FromString(titlestr.c_str());
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, pytitlestr);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_title, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to title() failed.");
// if PyDeCRFF, the function doesn't work on Mac OS
}
inline void axis(const std::string &axisstr)
{
PyObject* str = PyString_FromString(axisstr.c_str());
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, str);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_axis, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to title() failed.");
// if PyDeCRFF, the function doesn't work on Mac OS
}
inline void xlabel(const std::string &str)
{
PyObject* pystr = PyString_FromString(str.c_str());
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, pystr);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_xlabel, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to xlabel() failed.");
// if PyDeCRFF, the function doesn't work on Mac OS
}
inline void ylabel(const std::string &str)
{
PyObject* pystr = PyString_FromString(str.c_str());
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, pystr);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_ylabel, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to ylabel() failed.");
// if PyDeCRFF, the function doesn't work on Mac OS
}
inline void grid(bool flag)
{
PyObject* pyflag = flag ? Py_True : Py_False;
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, pyflag);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_grid, args);
if(!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to grid() failed.");
// if PyDeCRFF, the function doesn't work on Mac OS
}
inline void show()
{
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(
detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_show,
detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_empty_tuple);
if (!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to show() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
}
inline void save(const std::string& filename)
{
PyObject* pyfilename = PyString_FromString(filename.c_str());
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(1);
PyTuple_SetItem(args, 0, pyfilename);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_save, args);
if (!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to save() failed.");
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_DECREF(res);
}
inline void clf() {
PyObject *res = PyObject_CallObject(
detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_clf,
detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_empty_tuple);
if (!res) throw std::runtime_error("Call to clf() failed.");
Py_DECREF(res);
}
#if __cplusplus > 199711L
// C++11-exclusive content starts here (variadic plot() and initializer list support)
namespace detail {
template<typename T>
using is_function = typename std::is_function<std::remove_pointer<std::remove_reference<T>>>::type;
template<bool obj, typename T>
struct is_callable_impl;
template<typename T>
struct is_callable_impl<false, T>
{
typedef is_function<T> type;
}; // a non-object is callable iff it is a function
template<typename T>
struct is_callable_impl<true, T>
{
struct Fallback { void operator()(); };
struct Derived : T, Fallback { };
template<typename U, U> struct Check;
template<typename U>
static std::true_type test( ... ); // use a variadic function to make sure (1) it accepts everything and (2) its always the worst match
template<typename U>
static std::false_type test( Check<void(Fallback::*)(), &U::operator()>* );
public:
typedef decltype(test<Derived>(nullptr)) type;
typedef decltype(&Fallback::operator()) dtype;
static constexpr bool value = type::value;
}; // an object is callable iff it defines operator()
template<typename T>
struct is_callable
{
// dispatch to is_callable_impl<true, T> or is_callable_impl<false, T> depending on whether T is of class type or not
typedef typename is_callable_impl<std::is_class<T>::value, T>::type type;
};
template<typename IsYDataCallable>
struct plot_impl { };
template<>
struct plot_impl<std::false_type>
{
template<typename IterableX, typename IterableY>
bool operator()(const IterableX& x, const IterableY& y, const std::string& format)
{
// 2-phase lookup for distance, begin, end
using std::distance;
using std::begin;
using std::end;
auto xs = distance(begin(x), end(x));
auto ys = distance(begin(y), end(y));
assert(xs == ys && "x and y data must have the same number of elements!");
PyObject* xlist = PyList_New(xs);
PyObject* ylist = PyList_New(ys);
PyObject* pystring = PyString_FromString(format.c_str());
auto itx = begin(x), ity = begin(y);
for(size_t i = 0; i < xs; ++i) {
PyList_SetItem(xlist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(*itx++));
PyList_SetItem(ylist, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(*ity++));
}
PyObject* plot_args = PyTuple_New(3);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 0, xlist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 1, ylist);
PyTuple_SetItem(plot_args, 2, pystring);
PyObject* res = PyObject_CallObject(detail::_interpreter::get().s_python_function_plot, plot_args);
Py_DECREF(plot_args);
if(res) Py_DECREF(res);
return res;
}
};
template<>
struct plot_impl<std::true_type>
{
template<typename Iterable, typename Callable>
bool operator()(const Iterable& ticks, const Callable& f, const std::string& format)
{
//std::cout << "Callable impl called" << std::endl;
if(begin(ticks) == end(ticks)) return true;
// We could use additional meta-programming to deduce the correct element type of y,
// but all values have to be convertible to double anyways
std::vector<double> y;
for(auto x : ticks) y.push_back(f(x));
return plot_impl<std::false_type>()(ticks,y,format);
}
};
}
// recursion stop for the above
template<typename... Args>
bool plot() { return true; }
template<typename A, typename B, typename... Args>
bool plot(const A& a, const B& b, const std::string& format, Args... args)
{
return detail::plot_impl<typename detail::is_callable<B>::type>()(a,b,format) && plot(args...);
}
/*
* This group of plot() functions is needed to support initializer lists, i.e. calling
* plot( {1,2,3,4} )
*/
bool plot(const std::vector<double>& x, const std::vector<double>& y, const std::string& format = "") {
return plot<double,double>(x,y,format);
}
bool plot(const std::vector<double>& y, const std::string& format = "") {
return plot<double>(y,format);
}
bool plot(const std::vector<double>& x, const std::vector<double>& y, const std::map<std::string, std::string>& keywords) {
return plot<double>(x,y,keywords);
}
bool named_plot(const std::string& name, const std::vector<double>& x, const std::vector<double>& y, const std::string& format = "") {
return named_plot<double>(name,x,y,format);
}
#endif
}